Data and equipment backup

Software management

The server software also requires monitoring and regular maintenance. To do this, you need to have a good understanding of the interdependencies of programs in the server infrastructure, which helps not only to better configure the software, but also to quickly find the reasons for unsatisfactory server performance.

It is also necessary to make regular updates to application software, firmware and operating systems. This improves both the performance of the entire IT system and its security, since poor server performance pulls other parts of the system with it and potentially creates vulnerabilities for cyberattacks to the IT system. It is also good practice to remove old software that is no longer in use.

Security

An important component of server management is security. Security policies can vary depending on the type and needs of the business. Common server security solutions may include: Aruba certified design expert (acdx)

installing and keeping up-to-date anti-virus software;

using firewalls to cut off unauthorized traffic from the external network;

using the installation policy and creating passwords for personnel access to equipment and software;

encryption of sensitive data in the storage system and on external connections for transmission over the network;

using SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) tools to better understand potential threats.

Data and equipment backup

For reliable and stable operation of the server, it is necessary to make regular backups of its data ("backup"). The loss of important data can be disastrous for any business. According to the American operator Verizon , about 70% of data loss occurs due to external factors. And 40% of small and medium enterprises in 2019 were unable to recover their business after losing a large amount of data. It is even more surprising that according to the research organization Ponemon Institute, 39% of small and medium-sized enterprises do not have any plan for recovering critical corporate information in the event of disasters and data loss.

Fortunately, there are many effective backup solutions available, including software backup for both physical and virtual servers.

The power supply to the servers must also be redundant so that data is not lost in the event of a sudden external power outage. For this purpose, autonomous power sources (diesel generators and batteries) are installed in data centers, and in data centers they also use the input of external lines from two electrical substations located in different "trees" of the power supply network topology.

Server management systems have special software tools that automatically back up and restore data, and monitor the status of server power elements to avoid potential data loss during power outages and power failures.

However, while there are many backup options available on a single server or corporate network, not all of them will work on large scale networks. In this case, you need special techniques and tools that cloud providers use.

Manage servers yourself or outsource?

Each business or organization must find an answer to the question: to manage their servers themselves or to use external management, or a combination of both. And decide what is more profitable in a particular case, taking into account many factors: economic, information security, reliability, etc.

If an enterprise has enough skilled staff, managing its own servers can give the advantage of being in complete control of its own computing environment. There are many tools for this purpose, such as automated regular reports and proactive alerts, that keep the server environment running efficiently and without fail. The functionality of these tools can vary significantly, from simple performance monitoring to proactive server management.

Choosing a server management system

It is quite difficult to provide a comprehensive guide to choosing a server management system. This task is akin to choosing the right car. No one has yet undertaken such work as writing a detailed guide to choosing a personal car. The same situation is with the choice of the server management system. There are too many different factors to consider.

Therefore, the best advice may be to use the services of a qualified expert who would understand the situation and needs of an enterprise or organization where a server management system is needed and recommend one or another system.

How fiber optic cables work

A fiber optic cable consists of one or more strands of glass, each only slightly thicker than human hair. The center of each wire is called the core, which provides the way for light to travel. The core is surrounded by a layer of glass called plating that reflects light inward to avoid signal loss and allow light to pass through the bends in the cable.

The two main types of fiber optic cables are single mode and multi-mode . Single-mode fiber uses extremely thin strands of glass and a laser to generate light, while multimode fiber optic cables use LEDs. 

Single-mode fiber optic networks often use Wave Division multiplexing techniques to increase the amount of data traffic that the cable can carry. WDM allows the combination of light at several different wavelengths (multiplexed) and subsequently separated (de-multiplexed), efficiently transmitting multiple communication streams through a single light pulse.

The advantages of fiber optic cables

Fiber cables offer more advantages over long-distance copper cables.

Fiber optics support higher capacity . The amount of network bandwidth that a fiber cable can carry easily exceeds that of a copper cable of similar thickness. 10 Gbps , 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps fiber cables are standard.

Because light can travel much longer distances on a fiber cable without losing its strength, the need for signal pulses is reduced.

A fiber optic cable is less sensitive to interference. A copper network cable requires shielding to protect it from electromagnetic interference. While this protection helps, it is not enough to prevent interference when many cables are tied together. The physical properties of fiber optic cables avoid most of these problems.

Fiber to the home, other implementations and fiber networks

While most fiber optics are installed to support long-distance connections between cities and countries, some residential ISPs have invested in expanding their fiber facilities in suburban neighborhoods for direct access by households. Suppliers and industry professionals use these state- of -the - art facilities .

Some of the best-known home-based fiber services include Verizon FIOS and Google Fiber . These services can provide households with gigabit internet speeds. However, it usually also offers customers smaller capacity packages. Different packages for home consumers are often abbreviated with obscure acronyms: Dark fiber network

FTTP (Fiber to Premise) : Fiber that is laid down to the building.

FTTB (Building / Block Fibers) : Same as FTTP.

FTTC / N (Fiber at the edge of the knot) : Fiber that is put on the knot but then copper wires complete the connection inside the building.

Direct fiber : Fiber that leaves the central office and is attached directly to a customer. It offers the highest bandwidth, but direct fiber is expensive.

Common fiber : similar to direct fiber, except that as the fiber approaches the premises of nearby customers, it splits into other optical fibers for those users.

Patch Now: F5 Vulnerability with CVSS 10 Severity Score

F5 Networks, a provider of networking devices and services, urges users to patch their BIG-IP networking systems as soon as possible, after the provider disclosed two vulnerabilities. First of these is CVE-2020-5902, a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability found in BIG-IP device’s Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI).  

CVE-2020-5902 received a 10 out of 10 score on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) v3.0 vulnerability severity scale. After this vulnerability was made public, threat actors were quick to take advantage of it by launching attacks on the impacted devices, as spotted by NCC Group security researcher Rich Warren.

Another less critical vulnerability, CVE-2020-5903, involves cross-site scripting (XSS). F5 has now released patches for both in the vulnerabilities’ respective security advisories (one advisory for CVE-2020-5902 and another for CVE-2020-5903). Both vulnerabilities were revealed to the company by Mikhail Klyuchnikov, a security researcher from Positive Technologies.

The severe vulnerability: CVE-2020-5902

CVE-2020-5902 is an RCE vulnerability found in BIG-IP’s TMUI, also known as the Configuration utility. In a properly configured network environment, this configuration portal should not be accessible to an attacker – unless he already has access to the network from inside. The vulnerability is reported to be easily exploited and automated, as it could be used over the internet and does not require advanced coding skills to abuse.

To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker has to send a specifically crafted HTTP request to the server that houses BIG-IP’s TMUI. By abusing CVE-2020-5902, unauthenticated users can perform the following actions even without valid credentials: F5 networks careers

Execute arbitrary commands and code

Create or delete files

Disable services

Klyuchnikov stresses in Positive Technoligies’ report that “RCE in this case results from security flaws in multiple components, such as one that allows directory traversal exploitation. This is particularly dangerous for companies whose F5 BIG-IP web interface is listed on search engines such as Shodan. Fortunately, most companies using the product do not enable access to the interface from the internet." As stated in ZDNet's article, there are approximately 8,400 BIG-IP devices connected to the internet according to a Shodan search.

F5 warned users that this vulnerability might result in a complete system compromise. The full list of affected devices, their patches, and mitigations (in case upgrades are not possible) are available in F5’s security advisory for CVE-2020-5902.

The United States Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency also released a statement that encourages users and administrators to patch their devices.

CVE-2020-5903 cross-site scripting vulnerability

Similarly, the less critical XSS vulnerability CVE-2020-5903, discovered by F5 in another security advisory, also affects the TMUI. It allows running malicious JavaScript code as an authenticated logged-in user. The list of affected devices, recommendations, and mitigations can be found in the same advisory.

Affected companies

ZDNet's report states that BIG-IP devices are utilized on the networks of 48 companies included in the Fortune 50 list, as F5 divulged on their official website. The products are also used in networks and cloud data centers of enterprises, government organizations, and internet providers, among other industries.

A surge in demand for F5 solutions has been witnessed recently, a major reason for which is the abrupt transition to work-from-home arrangements by many companies as necessitated by the global coronavirus pandemic.

Protecting vulnerabilities from attackers

As threat actors are on the constant lookout for vulnerabilities to exploit, it is highly advised that security teams and users follow security measures to ensure that their systems remain protected. Some of these basic recommendations are the following:

Periodically patch and update operating systems, firmware, programs, applications, and other software.

Keep abreast of the latest reports on vulnerabilities affecting devices and software from different providers.

Deploy security solutions to detect threats before they can compromise the systems.

DevOps Engineer / Linux System Administrator

What we will trust you: linux administrator

Deployment of company projects on servers;

Administration of the existing infrastructure;

Investigation of problems and support of Linux-based servers, including work to support software developed in the company;

Localization and analysis of the causes of bottlenecks in the performance of applications and servers;

Participation in projects to increase infrastructure, increase bandwidth, integrate new systems and software products, build test systems;

Support for internal services (DNS, Gmail, Confluence, JIRA, Gitlab, company website, etc.) required for the team's work;

Deployment and support of continuous integration systems (gitlab, jenkins, servers for building projects)

What are we waiting for:

Work experience as a Linux (Ubuntu) system administrator at least 3 years;

Deep knowledge of Linux (Ubuntu) OS, remote server administration, experience in shell scripting;

Experience in finding / diagnosing faults;

Administration of the Nginx web server;

Experience in setting up monitoring;

Knowledge of network protocols;

Teamwork experience;

Experience in DBMS administration (MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Redis, Clickhouse);

It will be an additional plus:

Experience in server administration with Node.js applications;

Experience in building monitoring of distributed systems;

Experience in administering / supporting a high-load service operating in 24x7 mode;

Experience with configuration management systems;

Experience with Docker, Nagios / Icinga, Fluentd, Elastic Stack, RabbitMQ;

Experience with Amazon services;

Experience with orchestration systems;

Using an infrastructure-as-code approach

Network Attack: Network Intelligence

Network intelligence is the gathering of information about a network using publicly available data and applications. When preparing an attack against a network, a hacker usually tries to obtain as much information about it as possible. Network reconnaissance is done in the form of DNS queries, ping sweeps, and port scans. 

DNS queries help you understand who owns a particular domain and what addresses are assigned to that domain. A ping sweep of DNS-exposed addresses allows you to see which hosts are actually running in a given environment. After obtaining a list of hosts, a hacker uses port scanning tools to compile a complete list of services supported by those hosts. Finally, the hacker analyzes the characteristics of the applications running on the hosts. As a result, information is obtained that can be used for hacking.

It is impossible to completely get rid of network intelligence. If, for example, you disable ICMP echo and echo reply on peripheral routers, you will get rid of the pings, but you will lose the data needed to diagnose network failures. In addition, you can scan ports without pinging first. It just will take longer, since you will have to scan non-existent IP addresses as well ccna wireless salary. 

IDS systems at the network and host level usually do a good job of notifying the administrator about ongoing network intelligence, which allows you to better prepare for an impending attack and alert the ISP on whose network the system is showing excessive curiosity.

Fiber optic closed-circuit TV surveillance systems

The first part of this article examined the benefits of using fiber optics and discussed the principles of signal transmission in such systems. In this part, we will look at how to practically design and install a fiber optic system for use in a closed-circuit TV or similar system.

The development process usually includes two components: How do fiber optics work

Selection of suitable active components of the transmission path based on the required function (s), the type and number of fibers available or offered, and the maximum transmission distance.

Passive fiber infrastructure designs, including trunk cable types and specifications, junction boxes, fiber patch panels.

Components of the transmission path

First of all, what components are actually required to meet the system specifications?

Fixed camera systems - These systems are extremely simple and usually consist of a miniature fiber optic transmitter and either a modular or rack-mountable receiver. The transmitter is often small enough to be mounted directly in the camera body and is equipped with a coaxial bayonet connector, a 'ST' optical connector, and terminals for connecting a low-voltage power supply (typically 12V DC or AC). Many surveillance systems consist of several of these cameras, signals from which are transmitted to a central control room, in which case the receivers are rack mounted on a standard 19 ”3U card with a common power supply.

Systems on controlled cameras with PTZ devices- such systems are more complex, since an additional channel is required to transmit camera control signals. Generally speaking, there are two types of remote control systems for such cameras - requiring unidirectional transmission of remote control signals (from the central station to the cameras) and requiring bi-directional transmission. Bidirectional transmission systems are becoming more and more popular, as they allow each camera to receive confirmation of the receipt of each control signal, and therefore provide greater accuracy and reliability of control. Within each of these groups, there is a wide range of interface requirements, including TTL, RS232, RS422, and RS485. Other systems do not use a digital interface, but transmit data as a sequence of audio signals over an analog channel, similar to two-frequency tone dialing signals in telephony. There are also systems that do not require a separate remote control channel at all, but transmit control signals via a coaxial video cable - either during a blanking interval or by modulating a high-frequency carrier.

All of these systems can work with fiber optic cables using the appropriate equipment from Fiber Optic. Fortunately, the customer is not required to delve into the intricacies of PTZ remote control in order to determine their requirements; it is simply required to indicate the preferred camera control system and estimate the maximum communication length so that the appropriate equipment, fiber and operating wavelength can be recommended.

There is, however, one question that the customer usually has to answer himself - should the remote control signals for cameras mounted on a PTZ device be transmitted over the same optical fiber as the video signal, or over a second fiber.

Under normal circumstances, simultaneous transmission of optical signals along the same fiber in opposite directions is undesirable, since mutual interference occurs due to diffuse reflections in the fiber. In closed-circuit TV systems, this effect creates noise in the image whenever the camera controls are activated.

To achieve bi-directional, interference-free transmission over a single fiber, it is necessary that the transmitters at different ends of the fiber operate at different wavelengths, for example, 850 nm and 1300 nm, respectively (Figure 2.2). A wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) coupler is connected to each end of the fiber to ensure that each receiver receives only the correct wavelength (e.g. 850 nm) light from the transmitter at the opposite end of the fiber. Unwanted reflections from the near-end transmitter are in the “wrong” range (ie 1300 nm) and are rejected accordingly.

Bi-directional single-fiber transmission incurs additional costs comparable to the cost of a dual-fiber system. This, however, can be offset by savings in the reduced fiber count.

Additional features - although the choice of a fixed camera or a PTZ camera satisfies the requirements of most closed-circuit TV surveillance systems, there are a number of systems that require additional features, for example, audio transmission for general announcements, auxiliary messages to the consumer, or intercom communication with a remote post ... On the other hand, contacts of sensors that are triggered in the event of a fire or the appearance of strangers can be part of an integrated security system. All of these signals can be transmitted over optical fiber - either over the same one used by the network, or over another.

Video Multiplexing - Up to 64 video and 128 audio or digital data signals can be multiplexed on a single single-mode fiber, or slightly less on multi-mode. In this context, multiplexing refers to the simultaneous transmission of full-screen video signals in real time, rather than the low-frame or split-screen display, which is often referred to as the term.

The ability to carry many signals and additional information over multiple optical fibers is very valuable, especially for long distance CCTV surveillance systems, such as highways or railways, where minimizing the number of fiber optic cables is often vital. For other applications, with shorter distances and highly scattered cameras, the benefits are not so obvious, and here the first thing to consider is using a separate fiber line for each video signal. The choice of whether to multiplex or not is quite complex and should only be made after considering all the considerations, including system topology, overall costs, and last but not least, network fault tolerance.

CISCO AND CITRIX DELIVER COMPREHENSIVE DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION SOLUTIONS

Cisco and Citrix Systems have announced that they are collaborating on a new combined desktop virtualization solution that will make it easier and cheaper for companies to deploy comfortable high-definition virtual desktops and applications for all their users.

New Cisco Desktop Virtualization Solution with Citrix Xen Desktop Combines Cisco Unified Computing Technologies with Citrix Desktop Virtualization Technologies, including FlexCast ™ and HDX ™, to offer the most efficient, scalable, and high-performance solution for hosting, securing, and optimizing virtual desktop delivery and applications. The Cisco Desktop Virtualization Solution with Citrix XenDesktop is now available through a shared network of business partners.

Desktop virtualization is rapidly gaining popularity as a more secure and flexible way to deliver Windows desktops and applications to all business users, anywhere cisco one data center,

and through any compatible device. It turns out that companies of all sizes are looking for a simpler and more scalable solution that integrates software, hardware, and support as they move to desktop virtualization. The new desktop virtualization solution from Cisco and Citrix is ​​the first combined solution on the market that responds to these needs and offers IT organizations an easy way to accelerate the deployment of desktop virtualization with the best performance, user comfort and cost savings.

Key facts and features:

Cisco and Citrix desktop virtualization solutions combine Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) with Citrix XenDesktop technologies to offer customers the following benefits:

Accelerate mass deployment of desktop virtualization

Service profiles to speed installation - Preconfigured service profiles for hosted shared desktops and hosted virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) desktops greatly simplify their deployment by reducing the time required to install and configure XenDesktop with Cisco UCS.

Preconfigured kits for easy deployment - Kits tailored to different XenDesktop usage scenarios greatly simplify work and speed deployment. The starter kit makes it easy for customers to get started with the first 300 virtual desktops. The expansion kit allows expansion in a simple modular way to thousands of other desktops and users.

Cisco Proven Design for Basic Interoperability - To further simplify

and accelerate user deployments, a reference architecture design is now available, built on extensive testing conducted jointly by Cisco, Citrix, and NetApp. The reference design also includes NetApp as a proven storage platform. This architecture design is a continuation of the open ecosystem strategy to support customer decision-making shared by Cisco and Citrix.

Combined Support Services - For this solution, customers are offered combined services through a single shared technical support number. Cisco and Citrix service teams work together and train each other to provide customers with a unique level of service.

Open architecture for easy integration - This solution is also designed to be open so customers can easily leverage their existing storage

and hypervisor investments . It is now validated for Citrix XenServer® and VMware vSphere ™, and support for Microsoft Hyper-V ™ is planned in the near future.

IT architect

The IT architect contributes to the IT efficiency of organizational activities by analyzing, designing and developing the architecture diagram of IT tools (software, networks, databases, etc.) in line with the current structure and needs and coming from the organization system analyst. 

LEVEL OF EDUCATION

DEC or Bacc in computer science or a related field

SALARY

Between 77 881 and 116 821 depending on experience

FIELD

Information Technology and Electronic Business

PERSONALITY TRAITS

Conceive, invent and create

Build interpersonal relationships

Good judgment

Analyze, deduce and understand

Programming and electronics

Description of tasks

Ensures the compatibility of the integration into the architecture of new elements (application software, products or services, etc.).

As a high-level professional, offers solutions to improve or optimize processes, programs and working methods by contributing to the resolution of complex problems, requiring a comprehensive and in-depth analysis and understanding of the whole variables.

Collaborates with various internal and external stakeholders.

Contributes to the transfer of knowledge through functional supervision and coaching of less experienced employees of the team.

Required cloud architect skills and knowledge

Cloud architects are responsible for communicating with vendors when negotiating contracts for hardware, software, and other cloud technologies. This is a constantly evolving field, so work requires staying on top of the latest technological trends.

“A cloud architect must have a variety of technical and non-technical skills, but above all, he must have excellent interoperability skills to empower, linking individual elements to a number of other architectural solutions in your organization into a coherent whole,” said a Gartner analyst.

While strong communication skills and the ability to remain flexible are critical for a cloud architect, there are many other technical and intellectual skills required to get the job done. Some of them, according to Gartner: aws solutions architect

Application architecture

Automation and orchestration

Manual

I&O

Integration architecture

ITSM / ITOM

Outsourcing and cloud hosting

Security

Communication and collaboration

Interaction along the corporate vertical

Delegation

Experience in finance and law

Procurement management and supplier control

Strategic management

Leadership mindset and initiator of change

How to Become a Cloud Architect?

There are many paths to becoming a cloud architect. If you are still early in your career, you may need a formal training program. But for those with experience in IT, there is also an opportunity to change direction. Gartner expects IT professionals with the following specializations to have the fastest transition to a new profession:

· Enterprise Application Architects: The cloud architect role is the “new form of the enterprise application architect role” and is the easiest transition from Enterprise architect to cloud architect. The report notes that those with “real hands-on development guidance” are best suited.

· I of & About (virtualization):  those who have experience in virtualization, or work with the construction of IT-infrastructure is often a good fit for the role of cloud architect, as "many cloud-based programs start with simple IaaS projects and best virtualization architects understand the technical nuances of" virtualized environment ".

· Integration architecture (network, identity, services and data): Many of the biggest challenges with cloud adoption stem from integration challenges. Integration architects know how to work with complex systems, and they tend to be able to work in different departments.

· Business connections.  Employees who are known to rock the boat and expand horizons with new technologies can be valuable contributors to the cloud adoption process.

You may even find that a business unit has an “extremely tech-savvy” person who has the right skills and experience to be useful in implementing the corporate cloud philosophy. If your organization is having a hard time finding the right person outside of the company, there might be someone well-suited for the role from a different business unit who can become a cloud architect with a small investment in training. This type of certification is available from many cloud leaders such as AWS Certified Solutions Architect, Google Certified Professional Cloud Architect, and IBM Cloud Computing Solution Architect.

Cisco Network Segmentation Security Solution

Medium and large enterprises organize their information data in processing centers through segmentation. The security of the segmented IT infrastructure, the processes of network segmentation and visualization of data organization, adaptation of existing applications to the cloud complicate the IT structure of the enterprise.

There is a need for built-in security solutions in the information infrastructure itself, for the functioning of security means in this network, ensuring the inviolability of the security policy and transparency of the processes of processing and transmitting data over the network cisco data center.

The Cisco ASA 5585-X Multipurpose Data Center Security Equipment operates in mission-critical data centers and meets the most stringent security requirements.

Cisco ASA 5585-X appliances use a context aware firewall and attack prevention system. These technologies are widely used all over the world.

Business security is also achieved with the Cisco ASA 5585-X solution. It is one of the best Cisco data center security solutions that fit into a small Cisco ASA 5585-X appliance just two rack units high.

Cisco ASA 9.0 software is supported by various form factor hardware on the ASA platform, including many standalone hardware, blades embedded in existing IT infrastructure, and security software for public and private clouds.

Cisco ASA 9.0 software differs from the previous version in the ability to cluster data, compatibility with the security solution Cisco Cloud Web Security (formerly ScanSafe), with the ability to fine-tune access to the World Wide Web and work with various web applications, while protecting against spyware and harmful programs and various computer viruses.

Support Security Group is Tags (SGTS) - a technology label safety groups; introducing security measures directly into the network infrastructure using Cisco TrustSec technology and extending security policies on the Cisco ASA platform.

Cisco TrustSec is a secure group access technology, the latest security solution from Cisco that categorizes systems and / or users based on context when they are connected, and further transforms security policy enforcement across the entire IT infrastructure of the data center.

These classes have group labels to allow or deny access based on intelligent security policy. Cisco TrustSec also provides firewall automation, simplifying access control processes.

Cisco ASA 1000V - Cloud Firewall protects the user network perimeter inside the data center, the shield separates the virtual environment and the physical environment.

The Cisco ASA 1000V is developed using Cisco ASA technologies, creates intelligent boundaries using VPN for the connection between network objects, translates NAT addresses, implements the DHCP functionality and protects against various attacks on the network.

A large data center for a large number of users or a private cloud must be provided with isolated traffic of various applications for different types of clients, user groups and installed software according to the established security policy.

The ASA 1000V firewall architecture integrates with the Nexus 1000V switch module , which in turn provides excellent deployment flexibility.

Cisco Virtual Security Gateway is a virtual security gateway, in combination with the Nexus 1000V switching module, in detail protects the connections of virtual machines to each other in the same client zone.

Virtual Security Gateway Cisco Virtual Security Gateway acts as a network gateway and delimits access based on security zones and provides contextual protection of virtual machines.

The Cisco Virtual Security Gateway uses Virtual Path (vPath) technology, which is provided by the functionality of the Nexus 1000V switching module.

Cisco Virtual Path (vPath) is a technology that manages internal traffic and information flows between virtual machines.

Internal traffic is controlled by the Cisco ASA 1000V cloud firewall , and traffic control is controlled by the Cisco Virtual Security Gateway .

Thus, the communication of integrated virtual services between each other, deployed in a complex security solution, is ensured.

The Cisco Virtual Security Gateway and ASA 1000V shield are also included in this solution. Cisco Virtual Path technology also provides the ability to work with virtual extensible LANs (VXLAN), which in turn makes more flexible and high-quality scaling.

High-quality network protection at a high level is provided by Cisco Nexus 1000V switching modules. Ideal for multi-client services, these soft switches add intelligent virtualization to all of the Cisco Nexus 1000V datacenter networking capabilities.

The Nexus 1000V extends the network boundaries to virtual machines and hypervisors while maintaining scalability for networks in the cloud.

Cisco Nexus 1000V software switching modules support a variety of hypervisor types, including Hyper-V Windows Server 2012, Vmware, and vSphere.

The Cisco Nexus 1000V switch is the basis for the formation of the architecture of virtual overlay networks - the main technology of the concept of SDN (Software Defined Networks).

Getting Started with Routing and Switching

After understanding the methods that routing and switching technologies can help your business, the next step is to determine if you have the right platform to meet your company's needs. The following list contains considerations to get you started ccnp switch.

Quality of existing equipment

Networked products intended for customers or home use cannot keep up with the race and challenges of an enterprise. For example, these products may not be able to handle traffic or provide high-quality audio, video, or wireless communications, and may require individual management of each device. Business-class routers and switches give companies reliable connectivity and savings through shared equipment access.

Flexibility

Invest in a network that grows over time so you can add features and capabilities as your business needs them. Add-ons may include new applications such as video surveillance, IP telephony, integrated messaging and wireless communications.

Easy connection

Make sure your routing and switching equipment is easy to install, use, and administer. For example, switches with built-in power supply allow equipment such as wireless access points and IP phones to be placed anywhere where network wall jacks are present. This saves you the hassle and expense of installing additional electrical outlets and wires to power your devices.

Reliability

Business crises range from power outages to hurricanes, including all in between. Your organization's ability to keep up with crises can be based on the reliability of your network. A network specially designed for high reliability and redundancy will provide the necessary assurance that your business will continue.

Cisco has updated the CCVP certification program

Cisco® has upgraded its CCVP® certification program. The updated curriculum and exam requirements will help more candidates gain the knowledge, experience, and certification needed to successfully implement, configure, operate, and diagnose Cisco's modern IP networks and IP telephony solutions that operate under the concept of unified communications that unify voice. video, data and mobile applications on fixed and mobile networks.

“Today, with more than 50,000 customers using Cisco Unified Communications solutions, including more than 70 percent of the world's 500 largest companies, the demand for highly skilled IP telephony professionals continues to grow,” said Jeanne Beliveau-Dunn. CEO of Learning @ Cisco - CCVP certification helps you prove your IP telephony qualifications to an employer and get rewarding, challenging jobs. Specializing in IP telephony will help companies reduce risk, increase productivity and maximize return on technology investment.

CCVP certification takes into account the new requirements for IP telephony professionals. In particular, she recognizes the importance of integrating voice communications systems into existing network architectures. The updated CCVP training program focuses on the implementation of transparent, scalable and manageable unified communications. It includes many hands-on labs and hands-on labs with real-life scenarios to explore Cisco Unified Communications Manager 6.0 systems and mobility features, including single subscriber assignment and mobile voice.

In addition, the new program includes expanded exploration of the operational tasks of local, centralized and distributed networks, public switched telephone networks (PSTN), voice over IP (VOIP) services, signaling protocols, voice gateways, gatekeepers and unified border network elements (Cisco Unified Border Element, CUBE). The new program expands the study of numbering plans, H.323 and SIP gateways and Call Admission Control (CAC) functions, as well as various types of connections with VOIP channels.

To obtain CCVP certification, an individual must have a valid Cisco CCNA® Associate Level Certification and pass five additional exams. Recognizing that many customers have invested heavily in Cisco Unified CallManager 4.1 solutions, Cisco offers two training programs. One is for Cisco Unified CallManager 4.1 users and the other is for Cisco Unified Communications Manager 6.0 users.

The following courses and exams are designed for CCVP certification: For Cisco Unified CallManager 4.1 users: cisco voice certifications

Quality of Service (QoS), Exam # 642-642 (Quality of Service exam - QoS)

Cisco Voice over IP (CVOICE), Exam # 642-436 (Voice over IP exam)

Troubleshooting Cisco Unified Communications Systems (TUC) Exam # 642-426 (Cisco Unified Communications Diagnostic Exam)

Cisco IP Telephony 4.1, Part 1 (CIPT1 4.1) and Cisco IP Telephony 4.1, Part 2 (CIPT2 4.1), Combination Exam # 642-444 (Comprehensive IP Telephony Exam Part 1 and Part 2)

Implementing Cisco Voice Gateways and Gatekeepers (GWGK) Exam # 642-453 (Implementing Cisco Voice Gateways and Gatekeepers)

For Cisco Unified Communications Manager 6.0 users:

Cisco Voice over IP (CVOICE), Exam # 642-436 (Voice over IP exam)

Cisco IP Telephony 6.0, Part 1 (CIPT1 6.0), Exam # 642-446 (VoIP Exam Part 1)

Cisco IP Telephony 6.0, Part 2 (CIPT2 6.0), Exam # 642-456 (IP Telephony Exam Part 2)

Troubleshooting Cisco Unified Communications Systems (TUC) Exam # 642-426 (Cisco Unified Communications Diagnostic Exam)

Quality of Service (QoS), Exam # 642-642 (Quality of Service exam - QoS)

What are the main types of civil societies?

The names of civil societies depend on the branches of activity or the professions associated with them. Here are the main types of civil societies: Engineering Freelance

SCI or real estate company;

Professional SC or professional civil society;

SC of portfolio or patrimonial civil society;

SCCV or Société Civile de Construction Vente;

SCI attribution .

What activities are concerned?

Generally speaking, civil societies bring together liberal , intellectual , agricultural and real estate activities . Discover this distribution table of the main types of civil society by activity:

Real estate activities SCI (Civil Real Estate Company)

SCCV (Civil Society of Construction Sales)

Portfolio SC or heritage SC

SCPI (Civil Society of Real Estate Placement)

Liberal activities Professional SC or SCP

Agricultural activity SCEA (Civil Society of Agricultural Exploitation)

Real estate civil society (SCI)

The SCI is a legal form of civil society . This is a civil society whose corporate purpose , that is to say all the activities carried out by the establishment, consists of the management of real estate assets, generally of small scope. Thus, an SCI can neither buy nor sell real estate in order to profit from it .

One of the advantages of a real estate company is that its partners can be made up of third parties , another company, or even a person who is still a minor. Thus, creating an SCI is particularly suitable for managing family real estate assets , in particular for family SCIs .

The specificities of an SCI

The registration of the SCI must be made in the Trade and Companies Register (RCS), therefore it constitutes a legal person ;

It must have at least 2 partners who can be legal or natural persons;

It must have one or more managers who can also be managing partners (who have both the statutes of partners and managers of the company);

The assets of an SCI mainly consist of one or more real estate ;

The share capital of an SCI can be fixed or variable;

An SCI being a "transparent" company , the partners are responsible for the debts of the establishment indefinitely, and must commit their own assets in the event of difficulties; unlike commercial companies, the liability of each partner exceeds the proportion of his participation in the share capital;

The taxation of an SCI is generally the income tax (IR), each partner being taxed on the basis of his income plus the profits made by the company; however, partners can opt for corporation tax (IS). We also speak of transparent ICS ;

WHAT IS SYSTEMS THINKING?

Can you give a simple explanation - what is systems thinking ? Is there such a universal concept in relation to business, engineering and management?

Most of us operate with a “everyday” understanding of the term “system” and mean by “systemic” personal organization, diligence, the desire to foresee everything, take into account all sorts of details and in general everything that may be important. The consistency that people bring into their work is "thoughtfulness", discipline in execution, adherence to some kind of plan. However, especially diligent managers and employees, for whom everything is connected with everything, as a result of such "thoughtfulness" of plans and discipline of their implementation, an even greater mess in their heads and affairs is formed, as well as a constant rush in all areas of work. "Consistency" is often confused with "consistency" - and systematically bad or incorrect thinking leads to disastrous results.

One of the examples of understanding systems thinking was shown by G.O. Gref at his recent lecture for the students of the Skolkovo business school . In his opinion (see from 1:01:50), systems thinking is the ability to combine analysis (understood as the ability to dive deep into details) and synthesis (understood as the ability to emerge from these details in time). Of course, it is good to have this ability, just as it is good to be rich and healthy, not sick and poor. Alas, such an explanation does not use the concept of "system" itself, that is, by definition, it is not systems thinking - thinking using the concept of "system" and the principles of the systems approach.The story about the need to dive into details and emerge from them in time does not even give a chance to understand how to achieve mastery of this technique, and how to apply it in specific daily activities to a businessman, engineer or manager.

Some people can keep talking about the postulates of the systems approach, recall the classical understanding of the "system"  - the sum of interacting parts that together make up the whole so that this whole is more than the sum of the parts. They can even operate with such properties of the "system" as integrity, emergence and hierarchy. But this is usually where people's knowledge of the systems approach and systems thinking ends what is engineering.

What do the leaders of world companies really mean when they talk about systems thinking ?! What, then, is taught in the courses of systems thinking ?

Systems thinking is a discipline (or, more precisely, a transdiscipline), which defines the conceptual minimum, models and principles of composing work products. Work products are system descriptions that link different views of the world in relation to at least entrepreneurial, engineering and managerial interests, as well as created successful systems. The systems thinking transdiscipline is studied in the same way as physics or management. There is a textbook "Systems Thinking 2020" written by A. Levenchuk .

On the other hand, systems thinking is one of the behaviors of intelligence... No wonder the word "thinking" is present. Human systems thinking reproduces the knowledge of transdiscipline, that is, a person thinks with the help of mastered concepts and models, and describes the world through the corresponding work products. A person with systems thinking literally speaks the system language, forms system descriptions and participates in the creation of successful systems.

Systems thinking gives versatility , speed and qualitywhen working with different stakeholders in solving new complex problems. Systems thinking is demonstrated in the speed of creating successful systems, and for this it is necessary to be able to work with different interests, which are taken into account (satisfied) by drawing up a system description. This consideration of different interests allows us to solve the most difficult problems that face humanity or an individual person. Moreover, in a variety of areas of activity.

Knowledge of the term "system" and the ability to pay attention to the integrity and hierarchy of the system (coupled with emergence - the fact that the properties of the system are not reducible to the properties of its parts) is not enough for productive work in the modern complex and high-speed world. It is no longer possible to rely on old textbooks of the systems approach: for example, the works of Bertalanffy and Ackoff are no longer a demonstration of the best systems thinking today. Life has changed, the world is talking about the system approach 2.0 - the natural science concept of a system as a certain object (“objective” system) has developed and grown into an activity-based understanding of the system, that is, the system is determined by its stakeholders (stakeholders). Or, if earlier the system was interesting for its structure, connections between parts, etc., now the consideration of the system depends on the activity and begins with its stakeholders.

Computer Science vs Mechanical Engineering

If you want to become a computer scientist, you must fulfil all the necessary educational requirements. From this point, you then scale to higher opportunities in your career path.

However, before you access any level, you must complete a basic bachelor degree program in computer science. Although there’s an associate degree program, a bachelor degree program helps you access entry positions for computer scientists. However, if you can’t afford tuition, you can access some computer science undergraduate scholarships.

On the other hand, becoming a mechanical engineer is not a day’s job as well. There’s an intense amount of numerical ability you must possess in order to thrive in this industry. However, you only need to fulfil certain requirements for this program computer science jobs salaries.

In a nutshell, you need to possess a high school degree and then register under any of the best mechanical engineering schools in the world.

#3. Computer Science vs Mechanical Engineering – Certification

In computer science, your bachelor’s degree is the degree that makes it possible for you to accept certain positions. However, if you want to advance very fast, you need to add at least a master’s degree. A master’s degree will expose you to more different insight into the degree program. So, you can actually get as many certifications even those organized by private organizations.

In the same vein, your first certificate as a mechanical engineer would be your prestigious bachelor degree. You can attain this degree at almost any university in the world. These universities are actually science inclined and perform at the top level. So, the more degrees you have, the more you scale.

#4 Computer Science vs Mechanical Engineering– Job Opportunities

As a computer scientist, your work is highly theoretical as your computer engineering colleagues basically focus on hardware. So, your knowledge of mathematics is very imperative. Conclusively, as a computer scientist you can work in IT service providers, IT consultants and departments as well.

On the other side, mechanical engineers have a wider scope of employment. The can decide to serve in the automotive industry, designing wheelsets, combustion systems, and bodyshells. Biomedical companies hire mechanical engineers to create life-saving devices such as pacemakers, artificial valves, and robotic surgical assistants.

Furthermore, they can serve in the aerospace industry, building satellites, constructing fuel-efficient tanks, and designing planes, missiles, and rockets for private aeronautics companies and even NASA.

In summary, you can find mechanical engineers in building construction and power plants as they also assist with railroad design and implementation.

10 well-paid jobs after a short training

Popular belief is that short training is synonymous with low wages or precarious jobs. Nay!

Here are 10 jobs that are quickly accessible, ideal in case of retraining and whose salaries have nothing to envy to certain professions whose diplomas take much longer to obtain. 

Jobs well paid after a short training highest paid freelance jobs

Real estate agent

Specializing in the sale, purchase or rental of real estate, the real estate agent is above all a commercial at heart. As real estate remains a recruiting sector, the profession is accessible to many people in retraining.

Training

To become a real estate agent, future real estate agents can follow several training courses. The majority of them come from a BTS or a DEUST Real Estate Professions (Bac + 2). 

Remuneration

The real estate agent is paid according to the number of sales he makes. As an employee, he often has a fixed salary supplemented by a variable, depending on the figure he has achieved. On average, he receives between 1,500 and 3,800 € gross per month for a novice real estate agent.

Become a real estate agent

Payroll accountant

As a specialist in administrative issues related to personnel management, the payroll manager is in charge of preparing, posting and drawing up payslips for his company or on behalf of client companies. As this area is seriously lacking in candidates, it offers a very interesting salary scale.

Training

To convert yourself back into a payroll manager, you must take the appropriate training. A good training lasts between 6 and 9 months, includes a period of internship (accounting firm or human resources department) then an examination with an interview before a jury of payroll managers.

Remuneration

The payroll manager's remuneration depends on his training, but also on his experience for this position and the company in which he operates. On average, the gross salary of a beginner is around 2000 €.

Become a Payroll Manager

Dental technician

A technician in the paramedical sector, the dental prosthetist manufactures and repairs fixed or removable prostheses, which he installs to replace broken or diseased teeth. Discover in detail the profession of dental technician.

Training

For those who wish to convert to the profession of dental prosthetist, they can prepare for the professional baccalaureate in dental prosthesis, the BTS dental prosthesis, or the technical certificate of the trades (BTM) dental prosthetist through continuing education for adults. There is also an auxiliary professional title (TP) in dental prosthesis, for a period of 1 to 2 years. 

Remuneration

Variable according to qualification, status (employee or self-employed), experience and the specialty practiced. A novice dental technician earns an average of 1,500 to 1,800 euros gross per month.

Become a dental technician

Interior decorator

The interior designer has no equal when it comes to transforming and optimizing your interior without having to resort to major work: choice of furniture, aesthetic orientations, color schemes, brightness and organization of space.

Training

A bac + 2 level in the field of applied arts is recommended to professionalize in interior decoration: BTS space design, BTS layout of the architectural environment, Diploma of crafts (DMA) architectural decoration, Diploma arts and crafts (DMA) habitat arts. There is no shortage of solutions.

Remuneration

Often working as a freelance, the fees of an interior designer vary according to the project and the geographical area of ​​practice. The calculation is made at the percentage of the total expenditure incurred by the customer, determined by unit of shift (hour, half-day, day) or fixed in the form of a fixed price. By the hour, he is paid between € 60 and € 100. 

For employees, at the start of their career, the monthly salary of an interior designer varies between the minimum wage and € 2,500 gross per month.

Become an interior designer

Naturopath

Still little known a few years ago, naturopathy has experienced rapid growth and tends to impose itself in the landscape of alternative medicine. 

Holistic and unconventional practice which takes into consideration all aspects of the person and seeks to act, not on the symptom, but on the cause, naturopathy attracts many candidates who wish to turn to professional retraining.

Training

Although the profession is not regulated and no law obliges a person to have training or a title to become a naturopath, the follow-up of professional training is still strongly recommended in order to acquire essential knowledge and benefit from professional legitimacy. This usually lasts only a few months.

Remuneration

Practicing mainly as a liberal, the professional is paid per consultation (between 50 and 200 €). Depending on the region, the salary varies between 1900 and 2800 € gross per month.

Become a Naturopath

Web developer

The web developer is part of the large family of web professions. Some have even become famous like Bill Gates (Microsoft), James Gosling (Java) or Guido van Rossum (Python).

Also called coder, programmer, computer scientist, front-end developer, full stack developer… his role consists in taking care of the technical realization, the computer development, the tests and the documentation of Internet sites, applications and software of all kinds. He can work as a freelance, but also be part of a web agency or the IT department of a company or organization.

Training

In general, a bac +2 level is essential (BTS or DUT in IT). The best is then to continue towards a Master 2 in Computer Science, or enter a school specializing in computer science such as Epitech, Supinfo or ENSIMAG. The higher the level of study, the more rapid will be the evolution towards positions of greater responsibility.

Remuneration

Salaries vary greatly depending on the geographic area of ​​recruitment, experience, technologies mastered and companies recruiting. However, we can estimate that a beginner developer will turn around € 1,900 gross / month and could double in 4 to 6 years.

Become a developer

Sophrologist

We attach more and more importance to our well-being and this trend leads to seek more professionals such as sophrologist. He has also become the most popular “well-being practitioner”.

By relying on dynamic relaxation and active relaxation, this well-being specialist acts on the body and mind to support greater physical and psychic harmony.

Training

As the profession is not regulated, no diploma or title is required to become a sophrologist. Nevertheless, the follow-up of professional training is still strongly recommended. Since 2016, a professional sophrologist certification (RNCP level III title) has been created.

Remuneration

The sophrologist practicing mainly in liberal, it is remunerated with the consultation which amounts between 45 and 60 € in individual and 10 to 20 € in collective according to the professional. 

However, building up a clientele can take a long time and many are forced to keep a second activity in order to supplement their income at the start.

Wi-Fi network application

The main purpose of wireless communication in everyday life is to access the Internet for visiting sites, chatting on the network, and downloading files. There is no need for wires. With the passage of time, the spread of access points across cities is progressing. In the future, it will be possible to use the Internet via Wi-Fi in any city without restrictions entry level engineering jobs.

Such modules are used to create a network within a limited area between several devices. Many companies have already developed mobile applications for mobile gadgets that make it possible to exchange information over Wi-Fi networks, but without connecting to the Internet. This application will organize a data encryption tunnel through which information will be transmitted to the other party.

The exchange of information is carried out much faster (several tens of times) than the known to us Bluetooth. The smartphone can also act as a game joystick in connection with a game console or a computer, and perform the functions of a Wi-Fi TV control panel.

How to use a Wi-Fi network

First you need to buy a router. A power cable must be inserted into the yellow or white socket, set up according to the attached instructions.

On receiving devices with a Wi-Fi module, turn it on, search for the required network and make a connection. The more devices are connected to one router, the lower the data transfer rate will be, since the speed is equally divided among all devices.

The Wi-Fi module looks like a regular flash drive, the connection is via the USB interface. It has a low cost. On the mobile device, you can turn on the access point, which will act as a router. While the smartphone is distributing the Internet via an access point, it is not recommended to overload the processor on it, that is, it is undesirable to watch videos or download files, since the speed is divided between the connected and the distributing device on a residual basis.

Wi-Fi technology makes it possible to access the Internet without a cable. The source of such a wireless network can be any device that has a Wi-Fi radio. The propagation radius depends on the antenna. Using Wi-Fi, groups of devices are created, and you can also simply transfer files.

The benefits of Wi - Fi

No wire pulling required. This saves money on cabling, wiring and time.

Unlimited network expansion, with an increase in the number of consumers, network points.

There is no need to spoil the surfaces of walls, ceilings for cable laying.

Globally compatible. This is a group of standards that works on devices manufactured in different countries.

Disadvantages of Wi - Fi

In the near abroad, the use of a Wi-Fi network without permission is allowed to create a network in premises, warehouses, and in production. To connect two neighboring houses with a common radio channel, an appeal to the supervisory authority is required.

Legal aspect. Different countries have different attitudes towards the use of Wi-Fi transmitters. Some states require all networks to be registered if they operate behind premises. Others limit transmitter power and certain frequencies.

Communication stability. Routers installed at home, of common standards, transmit a signal at a distance of 50 meters inside buildings, and 90 meters outside the premises. Many electronic devices, weather factors reduce the signal strength. The distance range depends on the frequency of operation and other parameters.

Interference. In cities, there is a significant density of router installation points, so there are often problems connecting to the point if there is another point nearby that operates on the same frequency with encryption.

Manufacturing parameters. It often happens that manufacturers do not adhere to certain standards for manufacturing devices, so access points may have unstable operation, the speed differs from the declared one.

Electricity consumption. Power consumption that is large enough to reduce the charge on batteries and accumulators increases the heating of the equipment.

Security. Data encryption according to the WEP standard is unreliable, easily hacked. The WPA protocol, which is more reliable, is not supported by access points on older hardware. The WPA2 protocol is considered the most reliable today.

Limitation of functions. During the transmission of small packets of information, a lot of overhead information is appended to them. This makes the connection quality worse. Therefore, it is not recommended to use Wi-Fi networks for organizing the operation of IP telephony using the RTP protocol, since there is no guarantee for the quality of communication.

Features of Wi-Fi and Wi MAX

Wi-Fi networking technology was primarily created for organizations to move away from wired communications. However, this wireless technology is now gaining popularity for the private sector. The types of wireless connections Wi-Fi and Wi MAX are related in their tasks, but solve different problems.

Wi MAX devices have special digital communications certificates. Complete protection of data streams is achieved. Private confidential networks are formed on the basis of Wi MAX, which make it possible to create secure corridors. Wi MAX transmits the necessary information, regardless of the weather, buildings and other obstacles.

Also, this type of communication is used for high quality video communication. It is possible to highlight its main advantages, which are reliability, mobility, high speed.

Is every trend an opportunity or a danger?

Sustainability, food waste, superfood, alternative proteins, urban gardening, no-plastic, and much more are keywords that want to make a contribution to sustainable food systems. Some of them are short-lived without any effect - others have a major impact, also due to changed consumer behavior. How do you recognize sustainable trends and how do you know which ones are right for your product / concept?

The English word “trend” has its origin in the Nordic word “trendr”, which means something like: “inclination”, as M. Lindkvist writes in his book “Trendspotting”. The German Zukunftsinstitut arranges them in different categories according to duration and impact: contingent worker

1-5 years of publication: 

Microtrends are more likely to be hypes / fashions, you can recognize them by how people dress, what they consume, which electronic gadgets they use and which fashionable terms shape language. Do you remember the advent of "bubble tea"? Short-lived hype.

10-20 years:

Macro trends emerge in economic changes, political tendencies or new types of technologies. For example - plant-based protein or regionality and transparency

More than 20 years:

Megatrends can be seen in changed cityscapes such as urbanization and urban gardening, changes in functions and habits such as churches in restaurants or smartphones as an interface to consumers with concepts such as From Farm to Fork, which redefine processes and are made possible by digitization.

Overriding these categories there are metatrends , that is, social observations that lead to new consumer behavior, for example the desire for climate-neutral consumption that leads to reduced consumption of animal proteins.

What skills will the catering industry need for the future?  Source: foodwar

Facing trends competently

In this way, sustainable trends become a philosophy that characterizes action within a business or in private. Those who strive for the continuation of their business or their personal competitiveness in the market of innovations cannot ignore social trends, i.e. metatrends. It is generally important to decide which trends can be relevant for your own business and which trends are better to keep your hands off.

This usually requires new skills that support the analysis of a change of direction. Recognizing and understanding trends is one of them. The capacity to align one's own business in the environment and carefully interpret the future strategy is also relevant. To create a kind of compass that helps to work with trends.

This interaction is taught in the “CAS in Food Product & Sales Management” certificate course from foodward. The module “Conception of Food Worlds *” deals with the handling of trends, new approaches and methods with which you can create unique and differentiated added value for your customers. So that you can see trends as opportunities and not as threats.

5 SECRETS OF CREATING A TECHNICAL ASSIGNMENT THAT ANY SPECIALIST CAN PERFECTLY HANDLE

If you have ever hired an employee for project work, then you must have specified the requirements and wishes for its implementation.

Did you get the result you hoped for? If your answer is "yes", then congratulations - the tasks were set correctly and the contractor understood you perfectly.

If you answered “no”, continue reading the article and you will understand how you can improve the terms of reference for the contractor in order to ultimately get the results you need.

To begin with, I propose to understand what a technical task (TOR) is.

TK is a document in which the requirements for the performance of work are clearly spelled out and which is approved bilaterally: both by the customer and the performer.

This is a legal document that is attached to the contract for the performance of certain works.

Very often, a technical assignment is prescribed for a freelance specialist - a person with whom you can never talk personally, but discuss the terms of cooperation online.

Let's figure out in which areas there are many freelance workers: fiber definition

As you can see, almost any area of ​​business is suitable for hiring remote employees.

But finding a qualified performer is half the battle, but describing the task to him in such a way that he understands and performs everything clearly and with minimal edits is the main thing.

How to draw up a technical assignment for website development correctly

A well-developed technical assignment with clear requirements is one of the foundations for the successful development of any site. This document allows the customer and developers to define key elements and stages of work and think in the same direction. Therefore, the terms of reference should contain comprehensive information about how the customer sees the future site, including a description of all elements, their appearance, purpose and functionality. For details on how to correctly draw up a technical assignment, read this article statement of work.

What is the terms of reference

Terms of reference (hereinafter abbreviated. TK) is a special document on the basis of which the customer evaluates the quality of the site and the degree of completion of its development. The TK regulates the relationship between the customer and the contractor, and also contains the following information:

site design requirements,

the need for the presence and the principle of operation of navigation elements,

way of transferring information,

volume of work;

deadlines for each stage of development.

The more detailed each point is described, the easier it will be to avoid misunderstandings and conflicts between the parties to the transaction. In addition, the TK helps the customer to imagine the future project more clearly. For these reasons, such a document is the first thing that the contractor and the customer need to work out when concluding a contract for the development of a site.

We draw up technical specifications

In the overwhelming majority of cases, the terms of reference are developed jointly by both parties to the transaction. Typically, customers do not have strong technical knowledge in the field of web development and only superficially or not at all familiar with this area. Therefore, the developers of the executing agency take an active part in the preparation of the technical specification.

The table below indicates which nuances, in addition to the timing, must be described in the TOR.

Paragraph Content Example

Purpose of the site

Project name, type of site, tasks that the site should solve

Online store of household appliances of a well-known trading network. Wholesale and retail trade, delivery, self-pickup, technical support, consultations

Customer wishes for design

Colors, style, presence of audio / video content, animation, etc.

A bias towards technical topics. Light colors. There are white, green, red and pink colors. There is also animation of buttons and menu items

Site structure

List of categories and sections of the site

There are categories by types of goods (TV, computers, household appliances, etc.). There will also be subsections: for example, in the section "Household appliances" - subsection "Appliances for the kitchen"

Navigation

Main menu, submenu of all pages of the site, paths to navigate the site, the need for the presence of return buttons, etc.

The main menu at the top of the site contains a search bar, a drop-down menu "Product Categories", buttons "Registration" and "Login" to access the user's personal account

Administration

If the customer plans to independently manage the site, this paragraph indicates how this process will be implemented

The site will be maintained by the company's technical department. Logins and passwords of accounts with administrator rights are transferred to the customer. The ability to manage the site for maintenance remains with the developer with the permission of the customer

Content of web pages

Description of the content that will be posted on the site pages (texts, images, video, audio, animation, etc.), technologies used, link system

Products in categories are arranged according to the "Tile" principle. Each section will contain an article on the relevant topic. When you click on a tile with a product, its card with technical characteristics and descriptions will be displayed

General issues

Approximate developments of both parties on the features of the site and each of its elements.

Requirements for site performance and security can also be specified here.

The site is displayed correctly in all browsers (read more about this in the article on  cross-browser compatibility ), as well as on PC and mobile devices. It is important to provide the ability to quickly change content for representatives of the customer company

CompTIA A+ and Cloud Computing

Today’s entry-level IT workers are dealing with increasingly difficult problems. They are slowly taking over the domain, at least in part, of network administrators. This reflects how swiftly the workforce is morphing as digital transformation becomes a higher priority for companies. Taking this into consideration, CompTIA redesigned A+ with a greater focus on cloud computing and virtualization.  

It’s vital that tech workers are able to troubleshoot any issue an end user could experience with software as a service (SaaS) applications. To equip IT pros with these specific skills, the new CompTIA A+ certification emphasizes knowledge of cloud and virtualization.

“With the new A+ certification, there’s attention payed to devices other than laptops and mobile phones,” Sears explained. “There is discussion of how to support IoT devices. It all ties back to an increase in the sophistication of these technological environments.”

CompTIA A+ and Cybersecurity a+ certification jobs

The refreshed CompTIA A+ not only focuses on cloud and virtualization, but also cybersecurity. CompTIA A+ has always included cybersecurity skills, but the new version takes them to a new level.

“In the [900 series] of A+, you had to be able to recognize malware,” Sears said. “In the new series, you not only need to recognize it, but you need to be able to detect and remove it.”

In the information technology industry, there is a broadening and deepening of cybersecurity expertise that the new CompTIA A+ certification will ensure IT workers have.

Coming in January 2019: A New CompTIA A+

The updated CompTIA A+ certification will be available in January 2019. CompTIA will also release training materials for the new exams, including the Official CompTIA A+ Study Guide and the CompTIA CertMaster line of products.

PC / system administrator and first level supporter

The Federal Agency for Final Storage (BGE) is looking for a location for a repository for high-level radioactive waste and is building the Konrad repository for low- and medium-level radioactive waste. The BGE keeps the Morsleben repository open until it is closed and plans to retrieve the radioactive waste from the Asse mine.

The BGE is a federally owned company within the scope of the Federal Environment Ministry.

To strengthen our user support department in the ITK area at the headquarters in Peine, we are looking for a permanent employee as soon as possible

PC / system administrator and first level supporter (m / f / d)

Code number: 1010_ITK-SD

Your varied area of ​​responsibility: comptia salary

Acceptance, processing and answering of inquiries and problems by phone, email and on site

Installation, configuration and commissioning of the hardware: PC / laptop; Tablet, smartphone (Android / iOS)

Administration of client / server systems as well as hardware to ensure ongoing operations

Close cooperation with all other specialist teams in information technology

Application area at all BGE locations

Testing of new hardware and software

Advice to users

Creation of documentation

Your skills:

Completed training as IT system information specialist, IT system electronics technician or comparable qualification

Basics in user support and administration of Microsoft infrastructures (Windows 7 / Windows 10 / Windows Server 2008 to 2016), client / server applications

Application knowledge in the field of MS Office, Exchange / Outlook

desirable: network technology, VMWare, CITRIX, Sophos Mobile Control

Ideally, certifications in the areas mentioned

Requirements: Class B driving license, AtZüV, suitability for mines according to KlimaBergV

You will convince us:

Independent, goal-oriented and conscientious way of working

Teamwork and social skills

High level of commitment and resilience

Willingness and ability to familiarize yourself with new areas of responsibility

Our range:

An interesting and challenging job

A modern and respectful work environment

High value of further education and training

A good work-life balance

Employer-funded pension

Increased AG share for pension insurance

30 vacation days and a 13th salary + vacation pay

Maintenance Technician

Vacancy description

The company LINDE severstal LLC - a joint venture between Linde AG German company, based in Munich, and the Russian company PJSC "Severstal". The main activity of the joint venture is the production of spiral heat exchangers that will be used in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) plants. Linde Severstal LLC is a leading supplier of heat exchangers for LNG plants in the Russian market.

At the moment, the company has opened a competition for the vacancy Technician for the operation and repair of technological equipment: a+ jobs

Responsibilities:

Ensuring the correct operation of technological equipment and providing support for configuration and updating;

Carrying out work in accordance with the schedule of scheduled preventive maintenance of equipment, support of work during their implementation by third-party organizations. Carrying out work in the order of the current operation of equipment and power tools;

Development of maintenance charts for technological equipment and power tools, participation in activities for the organization of work on their implementation;

Support for the introduction of new technological equipment.

Requirements:

Higher technical education;

Experience in the operation and maintenance of technological equipment and power tools;

Knowledge of the basics of industrial logic controllers (PLC), skills of troubleshooting in the operation of equipment with their us

Knowledge of the basics of mechatronics, reading electrical diagrams, skills in working with pneumatic systems as part of automatic equipment, the principles of operation of technological equipment, skills in plumbing;

Experience in working with operational documentation;

Experience in developing maintenance charts;

Basic English (A2);

As a significant advantage:

Work experience as an electrician;

Group III for electrical safety up to 1000 V;

Experience in CAD programs (AutoCAD, Compass 3D)

Terms:

competitive salary;

opportunities for development and growth;

business communication with colleagues from Linde AG, Germany.

https://ru.joblum.com/job/tehnik-po-ekspluatacii-i-remontu-tehnologiceskogo/1222285

voice engineer occupations

At OCLC, we acknowledge you'll achieve the best work of your every day schedule when you're encountering the best life. 

We put forth a strong attempt to amass the development that interfaces a large number of the current libraries. Regardless, we in like manner attempt to make a work at OCLC a huge piece of a solid way of life not a substitute for one. 

The Job Details are according to the accompanying: callmanager 

Find. Improve. Work together. Enlighten. A few words we use to depict a business at OCLC. 

Development with a Purpose. OCLC maintains an enormous number of libraries voice engineer occupations in making information more accessible and more accommodating to people around the planet. OCLC gives shared advancement organizations, special investigation and organization programs that help libraries meet the continually creating necessities of their customers, associations and organizations. With office territories around the planet, OCLC laborers are focused on contribution boss organizations and programming to help libraries cut costs while keeping awake with the solicitations of our information driven society. 

This Associate Voice Engineer occupation will be a creator on the Network Team and will be fundamentally responsible for the game plan and association of Cisco united trades, composed exertion, and correspondence systems. 

This position will engage staff across the world to enough pass on and collaborate with each other utilizing a secured, good stage. 

Obligations: 

Operationally supports the endeavor wide stages related to Cisco IP correspondence (CUCM v10+) including Unity Connection, Cisco Contact Center (UCCX v10+, scripting, call center declaring, and Finesse) and Call Recording. 

Keep up regular system assignments and fulfill requests for arrangements changes (MACD) including support for Service Desk and others that may need support. 

Supports subordinate structures, for instance, 

Highway C and E 

Cisco SIP/H.323 entryways 

Cisco IM&P 

Meeting Border Controllers

cisco voice of the creator

The work is office-based, despite the fact that you may have to work across various locales, contingent upon the size of the association and its organization. 

Occupations are accessible all through the UK in associations with enormous, complex IT frameworks or with consultancies offering help to customers. 

The work can be testing, especially when things turn out badly, as organizations are reliant on their PC organizations. 

Ladies are underrepresented in the work and cisco voice of the engineer across the IT business in general is a perceived issue. Steps are being taken to change the equilibrium. See Women in Technology and BCSWomen for more data and occupation opening. 

In the event that you fill in as an expert, you may invest a great deal of energy at customers' workplaces and on huge establishments, which may mean investing time away from home or your standard work base. 

Capabilities 

You'll normally require a degree in a subject, for example, 

software engineering 

PC programming/PC frameworks designing 

PC frameworks and organizations 

electrical/electronic designing 

science 

network security the executives 

material science. 

It could be conceivable to enter this profession without a degree, if you have huge experience. 

There are many Level 4 organization designing apprenticeship openings. 

Businesses will as a rule anticipate that you should do additionally concentrate to get proficient capabilities (on the off chance that you don't as of now have them). For instance, numerous universities and private preparing associations partake in the Cisco Networking Academy program, which gives accreditation at a few levels to understudies and organization experts. 

cisco voice occupations

VoIP addresses Voice over Internet Protocol. Since the mid-1990s, endeavors have been moving their media transmission commitments from customary voice associations, for instance, leased tie lines and private branch exchanges (PBXs)— to voice-over-IP (VoIP) development. VoIP is the gathering of advancements that license IP associations to be used for voice applications, for instance, correspondence, voice messaging, and video visiting. VoIP portrays a way to deal with pass on voice brings over an IP association, including how voice streams are digitized and packetized. 

Preferences and limit: 

Voice information is sent cautiously using the very associations that you as of now use for the web. In bypassing customary phone lines, central call costs are unfathomably decreased – regularly by as much as 40% for ordinary calls, and cisco voice jobs altogether more for overall ones. You can moreover diminish the amount of real lines needed, as each agent can have their own virtual expansion. These cisco voip worker can be reached on any related devices, from office work region phones to PDAs – so all of you can be kept on top of it, paying little heed to where you are. 

Auto experts Automatic call move Voicemail to email records. These make your office exchanges snappier and more versatile than some other time. You can keep enduringly responsible for these organizations using a clear online dashboard, accessible from wherever with your PC or mobile phone. You can quickly add customers or features, and see separated use reports to help you save significantly more. 

Fragments of a VoIP Network 

The figure depicts the basic pieces of a group voice association: 

IP phones: IP phones give an IP endpoint to voice correspondence. 

Gatekeeper: The watchman gives Call Admission Control (CAC), move speed control and the chiefs, and address translation. 

Entryway: The portal gives translation among VoIP and non-VoIP associations, for instance, the PSTN. Doors moreover give real induction to neighborhood straightforward and progressed voice devices, for instance, telephones, fax machines, key sets, and PBXs. 

Multipoint control unit: The multipoint control unit gives steady accessibility to 

individuals in various zones to go to the comparable videoconference or meeting. 

Call trained professional: The call expert gives call control to IP phones, CAC, move speed control and the board, and  address translation. 

Application laborers: Application laborers offer kinds of help, for instance, voice message, bound together advising, and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Attendant Console. 

Videoconference station: The videoconference station offers permission to end-customer uphold in video conferencing. 

3 Cisco VoIP Solutions 

Here are three Cisco VoIP plans gave from little to enormous business and the going with things can be proposed. You can pick the sensible things for your need. 

The Cisco VoIP Solution for huge business. 

Large CUCM 

ISR4451-X-V/K9+NIM-1MFT-T/E1 UC switch 

C9300-48T-A L3 focus switch 

C9200-48P-E or WS-C2960X-48FPS-L L2 PoE switch 

BE6H-M5-K9 (2500 IP PHONE) Voice laborer 

BE6K-UCL-ENH License

4 Integration Challenges for Modern Contact Centers

A few years ago, a contact center was considered a “non-strategic” part of an organization’s business operations – important but not mission-critical to its long-term goals. Over the past few years, as Customer Experience (CX) has emerged as a key differentiator of business success, many organizations realized the importance of omnichannel contact centers. And one of the most critical enabling factors for an omnichannel contact center is its ability to integrate third-party technologies and tools with its main operational platform. This is especially true in post-COVID times when agents need to access a swathe of information and tools to support their customers.

Integration offers numerous benefits that today’s contact centers cannot afford to ignore: cisco ccm

Consolidated systems to leverage operational synergies, and increase overall efficiency and profitability

Streamlined business processes through automation

Improved data flow across the contact center, and between the contact center and other business functions

Single integrated environment to eliminate the need for training in multiple systems

Eliminate confusion and rework, and increase agent productivity

360° customer views for more meaningful interactions, lower AHT, and higher FCR

Integration also empowers contact centers to streamline their digital transformation efforts to deliver enhanced customer experiences.

However, integration challenges often hinder the digital transformation efforts of 85% of organizations, even though 94% of IT leaders report that their organizations need integration across every function of the enterprise (including Customer Support).

What are these challenges and how can contact centers overcome them?

#1: A lack of awareness or knowledge

The contact center industry is at a fairly mature stage. Therefore, it is awash with several contact center software solutions, ranging from ServiceNow and workforce management (WFM) tools to CRM databases, automated voice response systems, and more. But most contact centers struggle to understand which technology is best to implement and why. And even when they do deploy the new technology, it is often not adequately integrated with other systems, minimizing its overall value.

The solution

Before investing in any technology, contact center management must first determine what is needed in the short, medium, and long term, and why. This requires separating the “nice to have” and the “need to have” features, checking each list against the budget, and finding a vendor who can seamlessly integrate the old with the new. It also helps to make a business case for the need-to-have features, so the budget can be adjusted if required.

#2: Conflicting business priorities

The reasons for implementing and integrating new technology may conflict with each other, which can make life very difficult for contact center senior management, supervisors, and even staff. For example, one priority might be to increase customer satisfaction, while another may cut costs. These conflicts may be within the contact center itself or between the contact center and other business parts.

The solution

The logical place to start would be to list all priorities and goals in order of importance. If the conflicts are between different departments, ask for their inputs, and then prioritize the list based on values that are held in the highest regard amongst all departments. Then create a plan for investing in those integrations, and commit the necessary resources to make it happen.

#3: Technology “silos” that don’t “talk” to each other

In many contact centers, critical systems or technologies that don’t talk to each other are common challenges. When third-party systems are not tied together, they don’t share critical data about customers, so agents are constrained in their ability to deliver great customer experiences (CX) with every interaction. Moreover, technology silos often lead to process silos. In such a setup, agents need to use multiple screens and numerous applications to resolve customer requests. This increases AHT reduces FCR and lowers the quality of support.

The solution

It’s important to ensure that any new technology will seamlessly integrate with existing technologies. Working with an integration expert like NovelVox can also help, especially for Cisco, Avaya, and Genesys contact centers looking to integrate their existing platforms with Salesforce or Microsoft Dynamics CRM, Zendesk, or ServiceNow.

#4: Legacy/”inflexible” infrastructure

Inflexible infrastructure is a problem for many older contact centers. Such systems usually require expensive hardware upgrades and ongoing maintenance to remain functional. Often, they don’t support the low-cost or seamless integration and force contact centers to work with the silos mentioned above. Over time, customer metrics sink, agent turnover increases, and maintenance costs rise – none of which are ideal situations for a modern contact center.

The start-up Volterra acquired by F5 Networks for $ 500 billion

Large-scale operation for F5 Networks which acquires the start-up Volterra for an amount of 500 million dollars. It offers a platform for deploying applications, security in multicloud mode or to the edge.

As soon as the new year began, F5 Networks took out its checkbook to seize Volterra. The amount of the operation is estimated at 500 million dollars, of which 440 in cash and 60 depending on future results (for managers and employees). The start-up was founded in 2017 by Ankur Singla, creator of Contrail Systems, acquired by Juniper Networks in 2012. At that time, its ambition was to manage hybrid cloud environments cisco voice jobs.

It was in 2019 that Volterra started quietly by offering a platform facilitating the deployment of applications and security solutions in different clouds and on the edge part. This service, VoltStack, helps DevOps and NetOps teams meet operational, security and performance challenges when applications and data are distributed in cloud or edge environments.

Create an edge 2.0 platform The objective is to manage the complexity underlying the switch to multicloud. Volterra's users include small businesses in the Fortune 100 ranking. Its clients include Softbank, Kindred, Net One Systems, Cdiscount, Cyber ​​Test Systems and Digital Virgo. On the network aspect, Volterra had in 2019 acquired the French start-up Accorus Networks, specializing in the deployment of secure networks.

For F5 Networks, the operation provides it with an “open platform for edge 2.0”. As stated by the CEO of the firm, François Locoh-Donou, “the current solutions are not adequate for customers. It's time to break away from closed edge systems that fuel the difficulties of building, running and securing applications. With Volterra, we advance our vision of adaptive applications with an edge 2.0 platform that solves the complexity of multicloud ”.

Cisco Unified Communications Manager ( CCM )

Cisco Unified Communications Manager ( CCM ) is software published by Cisco for handling calls in an enterprise. The software was previously named Cisco CallManager then Cisco Unified CallManager 

Presentation 

Cisco Unified Communications Manager is software that manages call processing within a Cisco Unified Communications solution. It allows the company to extend telephony services to network equipment such as IP telephones, VoIP gateways or even multimedia applications. The CCM can also manage multimedia conferences, voice mailboxes, softphones, instant messaging software and even SMS services .

Cisco Unified Communications Manager can be installed on an HP or IBM branded server , or it can be preinstalled on Cisco servers (Cisco MCS Series 7800). In the case of a preinstalled server, the CCM has more options. The servers are mounted incluster allowing traffic flow as well as fault tolerance.

History 

The 3 e  version of the software was called Cisco CallManager. It was replaced on 01/29/2004 by Cisco Unified CallManager 4.0. This new version incorporates improvements in various areas such as:

Security: with encryption , identity verification, the ability to ensure data integrity and confidentiality.

Interoperability: with the possibility of connecting Q.SIG systems, but also the improvement of the CCM APIs allowing the integration of more applications in the CCM and in Cisco IP phones.

Use: with the management of multiple calls (up to 200 per device and 16 per line), transfer by abutment (allowing callers to be put on hold in conference mode), transfer in direct mode (allowing two callers on hold in conversation), immediate forwarding ("iDivert", allowing callers to be forwarded directly to their voice mailbox), display of the list of conference participants and the possibility of excluding a participant from a conference.

On 06/10/2004, Cisco released version 4.1 providing new improvements such as:

Expanding the range of devices that can support secure unified communications (Cisco Unified IP Phones 7940G, 7960G, and 7970G, and Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) gateways).

The " Client Matter Code (CMC) " which is used to manage call costs per client or per service.

Improved security and issues with HTTPS .

Interoperability, with ISO / IEC path replacement and call completion.

New administration features that allow you to configure a simultaneous voice mailbox with an IP telephone.

On 03/06/2006 version 4.2 was released and improved the use of functionalities such as call parking, registration or exit of a group of calls, CCM Assistant and the Call Pickup function.

On 08/31/2006 version 4.3 allows the CCM to support Microsoft Windows Server 2003 .

On 03/06/2006 version 5 of the CCM was released; it is now called Cisco Unified Communications Manager and brings new features:

Full support for trunks and SIP endpoints .

Support for presence applications like Cisco Unified Personal Communicator and Cisco IP Phone Messenger.

Cisco servers sold with CCM are now based on a Linux OS . However, version 4 users can update their software.

Improved deployment and administration through support for Linux based appliance models.

Network enhancement by including Cisco RSV Agent.